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Effects of submersion on V̇O2: comparing maximum aerobic exertion on land and underwater     Authors: Nicholas C. Bartlett (Medical Student, DMT) Duke University School of Medicine, Center for Hyperbaric Medicine & Environmental Physiology, Durham, NC, USA Matthew S. Makowski (M.D.) Dept. of Medicine and Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA Mary C. Ellis (M.D.) Depts. of Emergency Medicine and Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA Michael J. Natoli (MS, CHT) Administrative Director, Center for Hyperbaric Medicine & Environmental Physiology, Durham, NC, USA Grace H. Maggiore (Research Assistant) Center for Hyperbaric Medicine & Environmental Physiology, Durham, NC, USA Mary C. Wright (MS, Biostatistician) Center for Hyperbaric Medicine & Environmental Physiology, Durham, NC, USA Bruce J. Derrick (M.D.) Depts. of Emergency Medicine and Anesthesiology, Center for Hyperbaric Medicine & Environmental Physiology, Durham, NC, USA Richard E. Moon (M.D.) Depts. of Medicine and Anesthesiology Medical Director, Center for Hyperbaric Medicine & Environmental Physiology, Durham, NC, USA   Keywords: Diving, submersed, oxygen consumption, preload, minute ventilation Title: Effects of submersion on V̇O2: comparing maximum aerobic exertion on land and underwater SHORT, RUNNING TITLE: COMPARING MAXIMAL AEROBIC EXERTION ON LAND AND UNDERWATER. ABSTRACT   Introduction: Submersion results in blood redistribution into the pulmonary circulation, causing changes in pulmonary compliance and increased cardiac preload. Few studies have compared incremental exercise to exhaustion (V̇O2maxtesting) in a dry environment with ..

  Higher proportion of prematurely born adults in elite breath-hold divers Hadrien Pique 2, Sigrid Theunissen 2, Costantino Balestra 1,2,3,4,5, Juani Valdivia 1, Oleg Melikhov 1 1 Association Internationnale pour le Développement de l'Apnée, AIDA International, Rue de l'Athénée 4, C/O Mentha Avocats, CH-1211 Genève 12, Switzerland 2           Environmental, Occupational, Aging (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory, Haute Ecole Bruxelles-Brabant (HE2B), 1160 Brussels 3           Anatomical Research and Clinical Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium 4           DAN Europe Research Division (Roseto-Brussels), Brussels, Belgium 5           Motor Sciences Department, Physical Activity Teaching Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium Running head: Prematurity among freedivers. Contact details of corresponding author Oleg Melikhov: +34 661 757 437 AIDA International, c/o Mentha Avocats, Rue de l'Athenee 4, Switzerland; melikhov.oleg@gmail.com ORCID 0000-0001-9442-7707 Funding details This work was supported by Association Internationnale pour le Développement de l'Apnée (AIDA, Rue de l'Athénée 4, C/O Mentha Avocats, CH-1211 Genève 12, Switzerland) under grant s/n. Higher proportion of prematurely born adults in elite breath-hold divers RUNNING HEAD: PREMATURITY AMONG FREEDIVERS ABSTRACT Introduction Preterm birth may significantly impair the functional and anatomical development of the respiratory system and could be a background for various life-long medical sequelae. Prematurity has been recently connected to changes in hypercapnic reactions at adult age. Altered reactions to pCO2 in premature-born subjects may impact breath-hold underwater exercises (freediving) results. Methods AIDA International provided the list of top-100 rankings freediving athletes ..

COMPLICATIONS AFTER COVID-19 INFECTION IN SINGAPORE MILITARY DIVERS: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY  Corresponding Author Nah Chung Wei MBBS (S’pore), DWD (CAW), MRCS Navy Medical Service, Republic of Singapore Navy Department of Anaesthesia, National University Hospital, Singapore Singapore  +6594384330 Navy Medical Service, Republic of Singapore Navy, AFPN 6060, 126 Tanah Merah Coast Road, Singapore 498822 Nah.chungwei@gmail.com Co-Author Kwek Wei Ming MBBS (S’pore), DWD (CAW), MRCS Navy Medical Service, Republic of Singapore Navy Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore Singapore    ABSTRACT Studies suggest that COVID-19 infections may have longer-term and more significant complications, even with mild or absent symptoms. This may predispose divers to pulmonary barotrauma, arterial gas embolisms, and reduced exercise tolerance, and impact physical and cognitive performance during diving. Military diving is physically, physiologically, and psychologically taxing on the individual. This study aims to assess the incidence of complications after COVID-19 infections in a cohort of active military divers and the incidence of diving-related injuries such as decompression sickness and barotrauma following recovery from acute COVID-19 infections.  A single-center, retrospective cohort study of complications after COVID-19 infections was done in a cohort of the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) Naval Diving Unit (NDU) Divers and involved the collection of retrospective data for 329 military divers who were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection from 25 Mar 2020 and ..

Successful management of renal abscess secondary to diabetes mellitus with surgical treatment and hyperbaric oxygen therapy HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY FOR RENAL ABSCESS SECONDARY TO DIABETES MELLITUS Kazuki Yanagida, MD 1,2; Daisuke Watanabe, MD, PhD 1,3; Takahiro Yoshida, MD 1,2; Tohru Nakagawa, MD, PhD 2; Akio Mizushima, MD, PhD 3; Kunihisa Miura, MD, Ph D 4; Tohru Ishihara, MD, PhD 4 1 Department of Urology, Koto Hospital, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan 2 Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan 3 Department of Palliative Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan 4 Department of Emergency Medicine, Tokyo Hikifune Hospital, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan   ABSTRACT Renal abscess (RA) is a collection of infective fluid in or around the renal parenchyma. It typically occurs in immunocompromised patients, including those with diabetes mellitus (DM), poor nutritional status, or steroid administration. We herein report a case of RA associated with DM in which hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy greatly contributed to the resolution of this disease. The patient was an 85-year-old man with poorly controlled type 2 DM. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography for postoperative follow-up of appendiceal cancer showed a mass lesion with poor contrast enhancement extending from the upper pole of the left kidney to the dorsal side. Therefore, a diagnosis of RA was established. The lesion was percutaneously punctured, and a drainage tube was placed. Antibiotics following sensitivity testing were administered. The catheter was removed six days ..

Stroke on ECG: a cerebral T-wave change secondary to acute carbon monoxide poisoning Xin Xiao,MD1,*., Xiuna Jing,MD2,*., Yun Zhao,MD3,*., Fei Yao,MD4,*., Qing Sun, MD5. Dept. of the Military and Special Medicine, No.971 Hospital of the PLA Navy, Qingdao,266071, China Running title: a cerebral T-wave change secondary to acute carbon monoxide poisoning Funding:medical and health development project of Shandong province (202212010474)   Stroke on ECG: a cerebral T-wave change secondary to acute carbon monoxide poisoning CEREBRAL T-WAVE CHANGE SECONDARY TO ACUTE CO POISONING ABSTRACT In clinical management of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, serum cardiac enzyme biomarkers and electrocardiogram (ECG) are both highly recommended emergency check-ups to evaluate myocardial injuries. Medical imaging – including head CT or MRI – are not routine for CO poisoning emergency management. We herein report on a comatose patient who was diagnosed with cerebral infarction secondary to 24 hours previous acute CO poisoning, warned by a typical cerebral-type T waves on ECG in advance, and confirmed by a head MRI. Fortunately, the patient made a full recovery based on a timely treatment with medications and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy. We would like to propose that a vital, stable, conscious CO poisoning patient who remains a higher risk for hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke should be closely ..

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for avascular necrosis of the femoral head: A case report   Adam Pearl, MD1,2 and Steven Pearl, MD3,4   1 John D Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI, USA 2 HCA Aventura Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Aventura, FL, USA 3 Ascension Rochester, Wound Healing and Hyperbaric Center, Rochester, MI, USA 4 CoreWell Health East, Center of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Royal Oak, MI, USA   ABSTRACT The hip is the most common location for avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN), with an estimated incidence in the United States of 10,000 to 20,000 new cases per year. The current standard of care for early disease is core decompression, with bone marrow injections becoming more commonplace. Hyperbaric oxygen enhances oxygen delivery to tissue, promotes an anti-inflammatory and pro-healing environment, and helps initiate angiogenesis. We believe that these properties of HBO2 make it a unique tool for AVN and applied it in conjunction with the standard of care for our patient. Keywords: avascular necrosis; avn; hip; hyperbaric oxygen; traumatic injury  Key Points: Avascular necrosis of the hip can be caught in its early stages to hopefully prevent the need for total hip arthroplasty. We applied hyperbaric oxygen therapy in conjunction with the standard of care, core decompression, in hopes of aiding in a faster, full recovery for our patient. INTRODUCTION  Avascular necrosis (AVN) ..

Mass Carbon Monoxide Poisoning on a Train in Italy, March 1944. History Reconstructed RUNNING HEAD: MASS CO POISONING ON A TRAIN ABSTRACT World War II was approaching its end in Italy in 1944 when one of the worst train disasters in world history occurred near the small town of Balvano in the Apennine Mountains.  The train did not derail or crash into something as in most major train disasters.  Instead, it entered a mountainous railway tunnel, and when it emerged, over 500 passengers were dead from carbon monoxide poisoning.  The event was not allowed to be publicized for almost two decades.  This manuscript reconstructs the story of possibly the most significant incident of carbon monoxide mortality ever recorded. Keywords: carbon monoxide; death; poisoning  Key Points: This paper reconstructs the details of what is probably the largest mass fatal carbon monoxide poisoning event in history. It occurred aboard a train in Italy during World War II and was kept secret for two decades.   DOI:10.22462/691

  REPRINTED FROM THE2023 HYPERBARIC INDICATIONS MANUAL Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Lindell K. Weaver, MD Hyperbaric Medicine Division, Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UtahUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah Weaver LK. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Undersea Hyperb Med. 2024 Third Quarter; 51(3):253-276. Despite established exposure limits and safety standards, and the availability of carbon monoxide (CO) alarms, each year an estimated 50,000 people in the United States visit emergency departments for CO poisoning. Carbon monoxide poisoning can occur from brief exposures to high levels of CO or from longer exposures to lower levels. If the CO exposure is sufficiently high, unconsciousness and death occur quickly, and without symptoms. With non-lethal exposures to CO, common symptoms include headaches, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, general malaise, and altered mental status. Some patients may have chest pain, shortness of breath, and myocardial ischemia, and may require mechanical ventilation and treatment of shock. Individuals poisoned by CO often develop brain injury. As with brain injury from non- CO causes such as traumatic brain injury, the clinical expression of brain injury caused by CO poisoning includes the domains of cognition, affect, neurological, and somatic. Common problems are neurological: imbalance, motor weakness, ..